Carty, M.J. and Herr, H.M. The Agonist-Antagonist Myoneural Interface. Hand Clinics. 2021 Aug;37(3):435-445. doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2021.04.006. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34253316/

Abstract

The agonist-antagonist myoneural interface (AMI) comprises innervated muscles that are biomechanically linked to recapitulate normal muscle-tendon agonist-antagonist dynamics, and a neural control architecture that electronically interfaces the linked muscle tendons to a powered external prosthesis.
When incorporated into a limb amputation procedure, AMIs have the potential to augment volitional control of prostheses, preserve musculotendinous proprioception, and prevent residual limb atrophy.
AMIs may be constructed from natively innervated or regenerative muscle units. To date, AMI construction has been applied to elective lower and upper extremity amputations as well as to lower extremity residual limb revision procedures.